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To avoid information contamination, most of the data data from beggars and vendors were collected in two days duration. Bahir dar :.

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The rest victims were perpetrated by other known person, their relatives and Whores Bahir Dar authority with 11 The room had a Prostitutes Bahir Dar, a bed, and a desk, but the most interesting feature was the shower. Check your booking conditions Dont take the Whores Bahir Dar road thru Karibu cafe - Ours cafe, as it has prostitutes lined up at night! Out of the total females who started sex, 50 About, 72 Like any Prostitutes Whores Bahir Dar Dar of the world, considerable numbers of street females in Ethiopia are victims of rape and Prostitutes Bahir Dar others are at risk.

Sexual violence is a major public health concern as well as human rights violation.. Telephones of Whores in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Girls in Bahir Dar Prostitutes Amhara Prostitutes Bahir Dar Even a seemingly innocent invitation to the cinema can turn out to be little more than.

The prevalence of rape among street females in Addis Ababa was Crib by request. Results Life time prevalence of rape was This may be due to high Whores Bahir Dar of illiteracy and many of our Whores Bahir Dar came from the rural community.

Bahirdar city The mean age of study subjects was About, 72 The qualitative section which involved a total of 29 participants included: two male judges working in the court; one female police officer females and children protection officer ; a woman from the Whores Bahir Dar of women affairs office; five victim street females for case study and 20 participants 10 street females and 10 street males for group discussion.

Almost three fourth The median age at which they started sexual activity was 17 with mean age of Out of the total females who started sex, 50 A total of 96 Slightly higher than half of rape victims, 50 Fewer than half, 46 The life Whores Bahir Dar number of attempted rape was 64 making its prevalence In general, a total of life time rape episodes were reported by the study subjects making the average number of rape attack per individual 1.

The prevalence of rape in the last year was 45 Out of the total of 96 victims, 25 Whores Bahir Dar The rest, 71 The dominant reason not for reporting was embarrassment by 19 Both participants from the in-depth interview and FGD claimed that low awareness by the victims, fear of stigma and subsequent street life, lack of full evidence on their case hindered most victims from reporting to legal bodies.

From the total 96 victims of rape, more than half, 51 About, 22 The rest victims were perpetrated by other known person, their relatives and state authority with 11 Many of the rape attacks were committed by drunken males. Most interviewees and discussants including those from the legal bodies reported Whores Bahir Dar majority of the rapists were strange to victims of rape. They also claimed that some of the rapists were males that victims know before.

They also said rapists have no strict age and professional boundary; therefore, it is difficult to conclude the kind of males who commit rape as you could find conscious males who attack females deliberately by breaking their houses.

Pertaining to consequences of rape, 28 Females who commit Whores Bahir Dar in exchange for money are also victims of rape. He convinced me to have sexual intercourse by giving some amount of money.

Interviewees and discussants said, male dominance, alchohol usage, drug addiction increase the chance of female victimization. One discussant from the male group pointed that " rape is not illegal if the female is invited and agreed to drink because it is clear that the male is expending his money to have sex with her ". None of the victims had used condom nor had condom at their hand during the rape event.

Others were dissuaded from using emergency contraceptive methods for reasons such as reluctance in 38 During Bivariate analysis, variables like substance use, disability, occupation, former residence, age, marital status, type of street, and duration of street life were significant associated with rape. Variables which were significantly associated in the first model were taken and analyzed by multivariate logistic regression.

After controlling for the effects of potentially confounding variables using multivariate logistic regression, type of street, occupation street prostitutionand younger age became statistically significant at 0. See Table 3. This paper was conducted with the Whores Bahir Dar to produce a better understanding and picture on sexual violence among street female dwellers by supplementing the survey with qualitative Whores Bahir Dar.

Prevalence of life time rape and last one year Whores Bahir Dar was The fact that rape attempt prevalence The prevalence of rape in this study is higher than other studies [ 17 — 19 ]; this may be due to risky nature street life. But it is lower than the study conducted in Addis Ababa and Brazil [ 1415 ].

This might come from the reason these studies were conducted in a street setting like this survey but both considered youths as their study subjects; it is likely that youths have a higher chance of getting raped.

In addition, the higher proportion of prostitutes in those studies and their relatively high level of substance use behavior might increase the likely hood of rape in those studies. In this study, only 6. This finding is Whores Bahir Dar from results from other researches [ 1416 Whores Bahir Dar, 20 ].

This may be due to high level of illiteracy and many of our respondents came from the rural community. But the remaining replied that fear of revenge and rejection by legal bodies which are similar to above survey results. This was also supported by the qualitative findings where the participants reported that low awareness by the victims, fear of stigma, and fear of subsequent street life and lack of full evidence on their case as their reasons to regret female victims from reporting.

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Unlike other researches which reported that most victims were attacked by the Whores Bahir Dar they knew [ 1520 ], our research showed that most rapists were not known to the victims. This Whores Bahir Dar was also supported by the female discussants who reported that most rapists were strange to them.

This result was comparable with a research done among Brazilian street females, Whores Bahir Dar females in Addis Ababa and students in Western shoa [ 141519 ], but higher than research done in other area [ 22 Whores Bahir Dar. The difference could be explained by lower use of contraceptive methods. The percentage of induced abortion reported was also comparable to the research in Addis Ababa, Whores Bahir Dar it was lower than the survey in Brazil; this may be due to the low level of knowledge about the service along with the poor availability and accessibility of this service in our setting.

Even thought we had scarce literature on the use of condom Whores Bahir Dar emergency contraceptive methods during and after rape attack, our survey showed that none of the victims had used condom nor they had condom at their pocket and only 4. However, it is likely that females who have condom in their pocket have a higher chance of negotiating for relatively safer sex. Many victims claimed working during the night time and sleeping in Whores Bahir Dar where there are many brothels, and being physically weak as their reasons for being raped; this is comparable to the study in other Whores Bahir Dar [ 14 ].

Similarly, Whores Bahir Dar the in-depth interview and FGD participants emphasized male dominance, drinking alcohol and to work and sleep in the street as dominant explanations for the rape attack on the streets which is comparable to justifications given by male discussants among FGD undertaken in Addis Ababa.

Being abused by substance and abnormal sexual orientation behavior are other reasons which provoke males for this act in this study. The fact that off street females had greater risk of getting raped is a call for the government and other concerned parties to construct separate female street shelter. Generally as we can understand from the qualitative study, particularly from the case studies, rape occurs in the mind of the rapist long before the rape occurs, and often long before the victim even meets the rapist.

The crime and process seems that the issue is complex, pre-arranged and an interplay among organized people by which male dominance is reflected. The precursors lie not always in the situation. It is also valuable if females sleep far from males and drinking brothels. This study has the following limitations; social desirability bias secondary to sensitivity of the information had been possibly encountered, temporary site and occupation change by the participants could also happen during the data collection period.

Selection bias was the other limitation of the study.

Only few papers discussed sexual violence among street female dwellers [ 14 — 16 ] and risk factors for sexual violence among street dwellers were not conclusive.

We were also unable to gather information from deaf women and women with intellectual disabilities. In Whores Bahir Dar, this study concludes high prevalence of rape and yet many are at risk of it.

Pick your preferred language.. Hookers in Bahir Dar, Ethiopia. Young prostitute, Bahir Dar, Ethiopia | Still image from 'My | Flickr Prostitutes. Snow ball sampling technique was used to identify available jobless females and street prostitutes. The data was collected through sixteen data.

Many of rapes Whores Bahir Dar left unreported to legal bodies and prevention practices for protecting Whores Bahir Dar thereafter the rape event was very low. Street female victims were suffering from unwanted pregnancy, symptoms of STDs and other psychological consequences. Schneider EM: Domestic violence law reform in the twenty-first century: looking back and looking forward.

Fam Law Q. Google Scholar. Int J Gynecol Obstet. J Trauma Stress. Soc Sci Med. Boyer D, Fine D: Sexual abuse as a factor in adolescent pregnancy and child maltreatment. Fam Plann Perspect. Article Google Scholar. J Marriage Fam. J Adolesc Heal. Seminars in Pediatric Infectious Diseases.

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Homeless Adolescents: Common Clinical Concerns. Beyene Y, Berhane Y: Health and social problems of street children. Ethiop J Health Dev. Am J Public Health. Article PubMed Google Scholar. Heise LL: Violence against women an integrated, Whores Bahir Dar framework. Violence Against Women.

The rapid increase in the number of street dwellers associated with this urbanization raise concern and warrants immediate government attention.

Download references. The authors would like to acknowledge social and workers affair office of Bahir-Dar town and forum for street children for their cooperation and giving all the necessary information required for this work.

We also thank the Ethiopian family guidance association of Ethiopia for providing counseling and other medical services to affected study participants. Lastly, we extend our thanks to the study participants who Whores Bahir Dar took part in this study. You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar. Correspondence to Alemayehu C Misganaw.

Whores Bahir Dar involved much in conception, design and acquisition, analysis and interpretation of data as well as he carried out drafting the manuscript. WAY participated in revising the manuscript critically for important intellectual contents and has also participated in developing Whores Bahir Dar final manuscript. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript. This article is Whores Bahir Dar under license to BioMed Central Ltd. Reprints and Permissions. Misganaw, A. Assessment of sexual violence among street females in Bahir-Dar town, North West Ethiopia: a mixed method study.

Whores Bahir Dar Public Health 13, Download citation. Received : 31 January Accepted : 06 September Published : 10 September Skip Whores Bahir Dar main content. Search all BMC articles Search.

Download PDF. Abstract Background Sexual violence is a major public health concern as well as human rights violation. Methods This is a mixed method study which included: a survey of street females age 15 — 49; key informant interview with 4 stakeholders; 5 case studies; one focus group of 10 street females and one focus group of 10 street males.

Results Life time prevalence of rape was Conclusion In general, there is a very high prevalence of rape exacting significant physical and psychological tolls in victims of the study.

Background Sexual violence against women continues to be an increased public health problem. Methods This is a mixed method study involving both quantitative and qualitative study designs.

Study locations Prior to the commencement of data collection, the following activities were performed in association with the city workers and social affair office. Method of quantitative Whores Bahir Dar Participants All street females within the age range of 15—49 years in Bahir Dar town were participated. Data collection instrument and data collection technique The Whores Bahir Dar was Whores Bahir Dar from DHS demographic health survey and the US national violence against woman survey tools and it was tailored to suit the local context.

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Data management and analysis Data was entered and cleaned in a data format in EPI info version 3. Method of qualitative study Sample size and sampling strategy The qualitative study included a total of 29 participants; two male judges working in the court; one female police officer females and children protection officer ; a woman from the office of women affairs office; five Whores Bahir Dar street females for case study and 20 participants 10 Whores Bahir Dar females and 10 street males for group discussion.

Data collection instrument and data collection technique Pertaining to the qualitative study instruments, different semi structured guides were developed and applied for focus group discussions, key-informant interview and case studies.

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Three is also high rate of HIV and sexually transmitted illnesses in the homeless youth population [ 10 ]. Mental and emotional distress faced by women experiencing serious abuse is overwhelming. Both authors read and approved the final manuscript.